{"id":4445,"date":"2023-10-30T16:35:07","date_gmt":"2023-10-30T15:35:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/?p=4445"},"modified":"2024-02-07T15:25:28","modified_gmt":"2024-02-07T14:25:28","slug":"veille-economique-etude-carbone-2023","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/veille-economique-etude-carbone-2023\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00c9tude carbone 2023"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Climat : performances carbone et \u00e9conomique sont-elles li\u00e9es ?<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>D\u00e9couvrez notre veille \u00e9conomique pr\u00e9sentant l&rsquo;\u00e9tude carbone 2023.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Les pr\u00e9occupations autour de la question du climat am\u00e8nent diff\u00e9rents acteurs \u00e0 r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre (GES). L\u2019agriculture fran\u00e7aise n\u2019est pas en reste et de nombreux bilans carbone sont r\u00e9alis\u00e9s. Dans cette analyse men\u00e9e sur des exploitations laiti\u00e8res, s\u2019il est plus fr\u00e9quent que performances carbone et \u00e9conomique aillent de pair, cela n\u2019est toutefois pas syst\u00e9matique. Les exploitations qui allient performances carbone et \u00e9conomique ont des syst\u00e8mes de production vari\u00e9s.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Climat&nbsp;: l\u2019agriculture fran\u00e7aise a un r\u00f4le \u00e0 jouer <\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>La r\u00e9duction des gaz \u00e0 effet de serre (GES)&nbsp;: une n\u00e9cessit\u00e9 pour  le climat<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>Les GES r\u00e9gulent naturellement le climat en emp\u00eachant une partie des rayonnements solaires de repartir dans l\u2019espace. Mais l\u2019augmentation des \u00e9missions depuis l\u2019\u00e8re industrielle modifie et r\u00e9chauffe le climat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019<strong>Accord de Paris <\/strong>sur le climat, trait\u00e9 international adopt\u00e9 en 2015, poursuit l\u2019objectif de maintenir le r\u00e9chauffement plan\u00e9taire en dessous de 2\u00b0C en 2100 par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e8re pr\u00e9industrielle, et si possible \u00e0 1,5\u00b0C, en r\u00e9duisant consid\u00e9rablement les \u00e9missions mondiales de GES.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019<strong>Union Europ\u00e9enne (UE) <\/strong>a pris l\u2019engagement de <strong>r\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions d\u2019au moins 55&nbsp;% d\u2019ici 2030<\/strong> et d\u2019atteindre la <strong>neutralit\u00e9 carbone en 2050<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-5-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#18a096\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Agir sans tarder :<br><\/span><\/strong>D\u2019apr\u00e8s le dernier rapport du GIEC (mars 2023), le niveau de r\u00e9chauffement global de 1,5\u00b0C par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e8re pr\u00e9industrielle sera atteint d\u00e8s le d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 2030. Limiter le r\u00e9chauffement global \u00e0 1,5\u00b0C n\u00e9cessite un pic des \u00e9missions en 2025 au plus tard puis une d\u00e9croissance jusqu\u2019\u00e0 atteindre la neutralit\u00e9 carbone en 2050.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Un sujet d\u2019actualit\u00e9 soci\u00e9tale, politique, \u00e9conomique en France<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"521\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/SNBC-Objectifs-de-reduction-des-emissions-de-GES-par-rapport-a-2015-1.png?resize=521%2C200&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"SNBC Objectifs de re\u0301duction des e\u0301missions de GES par rapport a\u0300 2015\" class=\"wp-image-4448\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/SNBC-Objectifs-de-reduction-des-emissions-de-GES-par-rapport-a-2015-1.png?w=521&amp;ssl=1 521w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/SNBC-Objectifs-de-reduction-des-emissions-de-GES-par-rapport-a-2015-1.png?resize=300%2C115&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 521px) 100vw, 521px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">SNBC Objectifs de re\u0301duction des e\u0301missions de GES par rapport a\u0300 2015<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>En France, la <strong>strat\u00e9gie nationale bas-carbone<\/strong> (SNBC) donne des orientations pour mettre en \u0153uvre, dans <strong>tous les secteurs d\u2019activit\u00e9<\/strong>, la transition vers une \u00e9conomie bas-carbone. D\u2019apr\u00e8s le rapport du Secten 2022 du Citepa, les \u00e9missions de GES du secteur agricole ont diminu\u00e9 de 12&nbsp;% entre 1990 et 2020. Mais cette baisse est principalement imputable \u00e0 :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>la diminution de la taille du cheptel bovin (animaux moins nombreux mais plus productifs) ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la baisse de la fertilisation azot\u00e9e en culture. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Depuis 2015, la r\u00e9duction des \u00e9missions de GES du secteur de l\u2019agriculture est en phase avec l\u2019objectif de la Strat\u00e9gie nationale bas-carbone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les <strong>entreprises<\/strong> employant plus de 500 salari\u00e9s doivent de r\u00e9aliser un bilan d\u2019\u00e9missions (BEGES) incluant un plan d\u2019action r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement r\u00e9vis\u00e9. Depuis 2023, celui-ci doit inclure, en plus des activit\u00e9s de l\u2019entreprise, ses activit\u00e9s en amont et en aval. Pour un industriel ou une coop\u00e9rative laiti\u00e8re de plus de 500 salari\u00e9s, cela se traduit par exemple par la prise en compte des \u00e9missions de GES du lait produit par les \u00e9leveurs. La production repr\u00e9sente donc le poste principal d\u2019\u00e9mission de GES de la fili\u00e8re laiti\u00e8re, qui est engag\u00e9e sur le bas-carbone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Au niveau de la <strong>grande distribution<\/strong>, Carrefour a annonc\u00e9 fin 2022 demander \u00e0 ses 100 principaux fournisseurs d\u2019\u00eatre engag\u00e9s sur une trajectoire 1,5\u00b0C d\u2019ici 2026 sous peine de d\u00e9r\u00e9f\u00e9rencement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-ast-global-color-5-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#18a096\"><strong><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\">Les Fran\u00e7ais sensibilis\u00e9s :<\/span><\/strong><br>D\u2019apr\u00e8s le dernier barom\u00e8tre \u00ab Les repr\u00e9sentations soci\u00e9tales du changement climatique \u00bb d\u00e9voil\u00e9 par l\u2019ADEME \u00e0 l\u2019automne 2022, les pr\u00e9occupations sur le changement climatique arrivent en second, derri\u00e8re la hausse des prix. Le r\u00e9chauffement climatique s\u2019affirme comme premi\u00e8re pr\u00e9occupation environnementale. L\u2019ADEME met \u00e9galement \u00e0 disposition du grand public un simulateur d\u2019empreinte carbone :<mark class=\"has-inline-color has-ast-global-color-5-color\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/nosgestesclimat.fr\/.\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/nosgestesclimat.fr\/.<\/a><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Agriculture : 21 % des \u00e9missions fran\u00e7aises de GES<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Trois types de GES sont alors vis\u00e9s pour l\u2019agriculture&nbsp;: <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>le m\u00e9thane (CH<sub>4<\/sub>), <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>le protoxyde d\u2019azote (N<sub>2<\/sub>O)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>le dioxyde de carbone (CO<sub>2<\/sub>). <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Chacun a un impact sur le climat, diff\u00e9rent en intensit\u00e9 et dans le temps. Afin de mesurer leur impact global, leurs \u00e9missions s&rsquo;expriment en <strong>\u00e9quivalent CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/strong>, prenant en compte leur <strong>pouvoir de r\u00e9chauffement global <\/strong>propre \u00e0 100 ans. Selon le Citepa, 49&nbsp;% de ces \u00e9missions agricoles concernent l\u2019\u00e9levage, 38&nbsp;% les cultures et 13&nbsp;% les engins, moteurs et chaudi\u00e8res.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"338\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Repartition-des-emissions-francaise-de-gaz-a-effe-de-serre.png?resize=338%2C276&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Re\u0301partition des e\u0301missions franc\u0327aise de gaz a\u0300 effe de serre\" class=\"wp-image-4451\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Repartition-des-emissions-francaise-de-gaz-a-effe-de-serre.png?w=338&amp;ssl=1 338w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Repartition-des-emissions-francaise-de-gaz-a-effe-de-serre.png?resize=300%2C245&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 338px) 100vw, 338px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>R\u00e9duire les \u00e9missions en stockant le carbone dans les sols<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Aux c\u00f4t\u00e9s du <strong>secteur forestier<\/strong>, le secteur agricole est aussi capteur de GES gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la photosynth\u00e8se, notamment via les <strong>prairies<\/strong>. Le stockage du carbone se fait dans la biomasse et dans les sols par l\u2019accumulation de mati\u00e8re organique. La capacit\u00e9 de stockage permet de <strong>r\u00e9duire l\u2019empreinte carbone<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"378\" height=\"695\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Principales-sources-demission-de-gaz-a-effet-de-serre-dans-lagriculture.png?resize=378%2C695&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Principales \u00e9missions de gaz \u00e0 effet de serre en agriculture\" class=\"wp-image-4449\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Principales-sources-demission-de-gaz-a-effet-de-serre-dans-lagriculture.png?w=378&amp;ssl=1 378w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Principales-sources-demission-de-gaz-a-effet-de-serre-dans-lagriculture.png?resize=163%2C300&amp;ssl=1 163w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 378px) 100vw, 378px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Source : Minist\u00e8re de l\u2019agriculture et de<br>la Souverainet\u00e9 alimentaire<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Toujours plus de bilans carbone en agriculture<\/strong><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>De nombreux agriculteurs, encourag\u00e9s par des financeurs publics ou priv\u00e9s, r\u00e9alisent un bilan carbone. Celui-ci prend alors en compte : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>les <strong>\u00e9missions directes<\/strong> (provenant de l\u2019activit\u00e9 de l\u2019exploitation) ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>les \u00e9missions <strong>indirectes<\/strong> (provenant de l\u2019ext\u00e9rieur&nbsp;: aliments achet\u00e9s, engrais\u2026) ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>le <strong>stockage<\/strong> de carbone. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Afin d\u2019\u00eatre analysables et comparables, ces indicateurs sont alors ramen\u00e9s \u00e0 un d\u00e9nominateur commun&nbsp;: <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>hectare, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>kilo de viande vendu, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>litre de lait vendu, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Certains agriculteurs s\u2019engagent sur un plan d\u2019action pour r\u00e9duire leur empreinte carbone et g\u00e9n\u00e9rer ainsi des <strong>cr\u00e9dits carbone<\/strong>. Ces derniers peuvent b\u00e9n\u00e9ficier d&rsquo;une r\u00e9mun\u00e9ration.Si l\u2019impact \u00e9conomique est \u00e9galement au rendez-vous, l\u2019int\u00e9r\u00eat n\u2019en sera que plus grand.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>La performance carbone est un des crit\u00e8res environnementaux. Mais il n\u2019est pas le seul (eau, sol, air, biodiversit\u00e9\u2026).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>En production laiti\u00e8re, les premiers r\u00e9sultats montrent que performances carbone et \u00e9conomique vont plut\u00f4t de pair&nbsp;<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Les indicateurs du bilan carbone et les donn\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques de 288 exploitations laiti\u00e8res ont \u00e9t\u00e9 analys\u00e9s. En moyenne, elles \u00e9mettent 1,07&nbsp;kg&nbsp;\u00e9q.CO<sub>2<\/sub>\/L, stockent 0,10&nbsp;kg et ont donc une empreinte carbone de 0,97&nbsp;kg \u00e9q.CO<sub>2 <\/sub>\/L.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>La marge aux 1&nbsp;000&nbsp;litres de l\u2019atelier lait se trouve plus \u00e9lev\u00e9e dans les exploitations ayant une faible empreinte carbone<\/strong> (voir ci-contre). Cela s\u2019explique essentiellement par le co\u00fbt alimentaire. Les exploitations avec un faible co\u00fbt alimentaire sont en effet surrepr\u00e9sent\u00e9es dans le quart des exploitations avec l\u2019empreinte carbone la plus faible. <strong>L\u2019alimentation du troupeau peut <\/strong>en effet<strong> \u00eatre un levier <\/strong>\u00e0 la fois \u00e9conomique et carbone de performance (<em>cf. \u00ab\u00a0<strong>Les leviers pour diminuer l\u2019empreinte carbone des exploitations laiti\u00e8res<\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0<\/em>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les exploitations qui d\u00e9gagent un bon niveau de marge brute globale sur produit brut ont en moyenne une empreinte carbone plus faible. En effet, plus le taux de marge brute globale augmente par rapport au produit brut d\u2019exploitation, moins la part de charges op\u00e9rationnelles, et donc d\u2019intrants, source d\u2019\u00e9missions carbone indirectes, est cons\u00e9quente.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Dans les exploitations avec une faible empreinte carbone sur le lait, la part des exploitations avec une bonne performance \u00e9conomique (mesur\u00e9e au travers du ratio valeur ajout\u00e9e \/ produit brut d\u2019exploitation (hors aides)) tend \u00e0 alors \u00eatre un peu plus forte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019analyse met aussi en \u00e9vidence la dispersion des donn\u00e9es&nbsp;: <strong>une bonne performance carbone ne se traduit pas syst\u00e9matiquement par une bonne performance \u00e9conomique (m\u00eame si celle-ci est plus fr\u00e9quente), et vice-versa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-efficacite-de-la-marge-brute-globale.png?resize=1024%2C666&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Performance carbone et efficacit\u00e9 de la marge brute globale\" class=\"wp-image-4455\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-efficacite-de-la-marge-brute-globale.png?resize=1024%2C666&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-efficacite-de-la-marge-brute-globale.png?resize=300%2C195&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-efficacite-de-la-marge-brute-globale.png?resize=768%2C499&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-efficacite-de-la-marge-brute-globale.png?resize=1536%2C999&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-efficacite-de-la-marge-brute-globale.png?w=1572&amp;ssl=1 1572w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"514\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-marge-de-latelier-laitier.png?resize=1024%2C514&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Performance carbone et marge de l'atelier laitier\" class=\"wp-image-4454\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-marge-de-latelier-laitier.png?resize=1024%2C514&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-marge-de-latelier-laitier.png?resize=300%2C151&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-marge-de-latelier-laitier.png?resize=768%2C385&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-marge-de-latelier-laitier.png?resize=1536%2C771&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-marge-de-latelier-laitier.png?w=1630&amp;ssl=1 1630w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"539\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-cout-alimentaire.png?resize=1024%2C539&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Performance carbone et cout alimentaire\" class=\"wp-image-4453\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-cout-alimentaire.png?resize=1024%2C539&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-cout-alimentaire.png?resize=300%2C158&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-cout-alimentaire.png?resize=768%2C404&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-cout-alimentaire.png?resize=1536%2C809&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-cout-alimentaire.png?w=1630&amp;ssl=1 1630w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"666\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-performance-economique-1024x666.png?resize=1024%2C666&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Performance carbone et performance \u00e9conomique \" class=\"wp-image-4456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-performance-economique.png?resize=1024%2C666&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-performance-economique.png?resize=300%2C195&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-performance-economique.png?resize=768%2C499&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-performance-economique.png?resize=1536%2C999&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-performance-economique.png?w=1572&amp;ssl=1 1572w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"277\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-empreinte-carbone.png?resize=1024%2C277&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Performace \u00e9conomique des 25 % meilleurs sur l'empreinte carbone. Et l'empreinte carbone des 25 % meilleurs sur le ration valeur ajout\u00e9e \/ produit d'exploitation (hors aides)\" class=\"wp-image-4457\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-empreinte-carbone.png?resize=1024%2C277&amp;ssl=1 1024w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-empreinte-carbone.png?resize=300%2C81&amp;ssl=1 300w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-empreinte-carbone.png?resize=768%2C208&amp;ssl=1 768w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-empreinte-carbone.png?resize=1536%2C415&amp;ssl=1 1536w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Performance-carbone-et-empreinte-carbone.png?resize=2048%2C554&amp;ssl=1 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Les exploitations qui allient \u00e0 la fois performance carbone et performance \u00e9conomique sont diverses<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>20 exploitations sont \u00e0 la fois parmi les 25&nbsp;% meilleures sur la performance carbone (empreinte carbone &lt;0,88 kg \u00e9q. CO<sub>2<\/sub>\/L) et parmi les 25&nbsp;% meilleures sur la performance \u00e9conomique (ratio valeur ajout\u00e9e \/ produit brut (hors aides) \u2265&nbsp;35&nbsp;%). Il s\u2019av\u00e8re que ces exploitations sont diverses, par leur taille et leur syst\u00e8me de production (niveau de chargement, de production laiti\u00e8re, part de ma\u00efs \/ SFP). Ainsi, <strong>des exploitations aux syst\u00e8mes de production vari\u00e9s atteignent \u00e0 la fois de bons niveaux de performances carbone et \u00e9conomique<\/strong> au moment du diagnostic carbone<strong>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"526\" height=\"198\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Caracteristiques-des-exploitations-laitieres-alliant-performances-carbone-et-economique.png?resize=526%2C198&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Caract\u00e9ristiques des exploitations laiti\u00e8res alliant performances carbone et \u00e9conomique\" class=\"wp-image-4458\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Caracteristiques-des-exploitations-laitieres-alliant-performances-carbone-et-economique.png?w=526&amp;ssl=1 526w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Caracteristiques-des-exploitations-laitieres-alliant-performances-carbone-et-economique.png?resize=300%2C113&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 526px) 100vw, 526px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Caract\u00e9ristiques des exploitations laiti\u00e8res alliant performances carbone et \u00e9conomique<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong><strong>Les leviers pour diminuer l\u2019empreinte carbone des exploitations laiti\u00e8res<\/strong><\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Deux types de leviers se d\u00e9gagent des plans d\u2019action carbone&nbsp;: l\u2019<strong>optimisation du syst\u00e8me d\u2019\u00e9levage existant<\/strong> ou son <strong>\u00e9volution<\/strong>. L\u2019optimisation technique est alors primordiale pour atteindre une bonne performance carbone. Cela implique donc l&rsquo;utilisation de leviers tels que : <\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>la r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;<strong>\u00e2ge au v\u00ealage des g\u00e9nisses<\/strong>, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la <strong>performance g\u00e9n\u00e9tique<\/strong>, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>davantage de <strong>prairies<\/strong> dans la rotation et l\u2019allongement de leur dur\u00e9e de vie, <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la r\u00e9duction de l&rsquo;<strong>effectif de renouvellement du troupeau<\/strong>. <\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9volution du syst\u00e8me, quant \u00e0 elle, recouvre :<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>l&rsquo;introduction ou l&rsquo;augmentation du p\u00e2turage,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>la recherche d&rsquo;autonomie prot\u00e9ique,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>l&rsquo;augmentation de la surface en prairies permanentes.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gain carbone m\u00e9dian sur cinq ans pour les exploitations laiti\u00e8res<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table is-style-regular\"><table class=\"has-ast-global-color-1-color has-text-color has-background\" style=\"background-color:#f8b333\"><thead><tr><th>R\u00e9duction d&rsquo;\u00e9missions<\/th><th>Stockage carbone<\/th><th>Gain carbone<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>789 T \u00e9qu. CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>21 T \u00e9qu. CO<sub>2<\/sub><\/td><td>817 T \u00e9qu. CO<sub>2<\/sub>L<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Le gain carbone r\u00e9sulte d\u2019une estimation avec application de rabais sur le stockage et les r\u00e9ductions d\u2019\u00e9missions, les valeurs \u00e9tant issues de mod\u00e9lisations.<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Le diagramme ci-contre souligne la particularit\u00e9 des gains carbone sur un \u00e9levage laitier. La part de la production de viande repr\u00e9sente une partie mineure des \u00e9missions d\u2019une exploitation laiti\u00e8re. Cependant, les leviers d\u2019optimisation de la <strong>conduite de troupeau<\/strong> mais \u00e9galement ceux visant \u00e0 <strong>engraisser les r\u00e9formes ou des veaux laitiers<\/strong> repr\u00e9sentent une majeure partie des r\u00e9ductions d\u2019\u00e9missions.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Repartition-de-la-viande-et-du-lait-dans-les-emissions-calculees-et-dans-les-reductions-carbone.png?resize=394%2C520&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"R\u00e9partition de la viande et du lait dans les \u00e9missions calcul\u00e9es et dans les r\u00e9ductions carbone\" class=\"wp-image-4459\" width=\"394\" height=\"520\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Repartition-de-la-viande-et-du-lait-dans-les-emissions-calculees-et-dans-les-reductions-carbone.png?w=308&amp;ssl=1 308w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Repartition-de-la-viande-et-du-lait-dans-les-emissions-calculees-et-dans-les-reductions-carbone.png?resize=228%2C300&amp;ssl=1 228w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 394px) 100vw, 394px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exploitations \u00e0 strat\u00e9gie extensive&nbsp;: tirer le meilleur du p\u00e2turage<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Les exploitations \u00e0 strat\u00e9gie extensive d\u00e9butent des projets de <strong>valorisation de cr\u00e9dits carbone<\/strong> via des syst\u00e8mes herbagers, p\u00e2turants ou autonomes. Les gains de m\u00e9thane proviennent principalement de la production de viande de g\u00e9nisses, avec des <strong>\u00e2ges de v\u00ealage<\/strong> plut\u00f4t \u00e9lev\u00e9s (31 mois en moyenne) visant 28 mois, ajustables selon les strat\u00e9gies. La <strong>substitution<\/strong> de correcteurs \u00e0 base <strong>de soja par du colza<\/strong> et l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration du <strong>p\u00e2turage<\/strong> sont courantes. L&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration de la diversit\u00e9 des <strong>esp\u00e8ces<\/strong> dans la prairie en rotation et sa long\u00e9vit\u00e9 sont \u00e9galement travaill\u00e9es, entra\u00eenant un gain carbone plus marqu\u00e9 par rapport aux exploitations intensives. Cela correspond \u00e0 une baisse des \u00e9missions des GES exprim\u00e9e en kg \u00e9quivalent CO<sub>2<\/sub>\/L de lait produit mais aussi \u00e0 une augmentation du stockage de carbone dans les sols par les prairies.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exploitations \u00e0 strat\u00e9gie intensive&nbsp;: optimiser tout le syst\u00e8me<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<p>La forte production laiti\u00e8re par vache maximise les facteurs de production. Cela permet alors de diluer les \u00e9missions de carbone de l\u2019animal gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 un volume important de lait.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Les exploitations intensives maximisent la surface fourrag\u00e8re. Elles sont alors souvent en manque de stocks. Pour r\u00e9duire leur empreinte carbone, elles r\u00e9duisent la <strong>part de ma\u00efs<\/strong> <strong>au profit de prairies<\/strong> en rotation productives et durables. La <strong>fertilisation min\u00e9rale<\/strong> est optimis\u00e9e. La strat\u00e9gie bas-carbone repose sur l&rsquo;<strong>expression du potentiel de production <\/strong>gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des r\u00e9visions de rations, robots de traite ou nouvelles cultures. L&rsquo;<strong>\u00e2ge au v\u00ealage<\/strong>, souvent \u00e0 28 mois, vise alors un objectif \u00e0 24 mois, dans une logique d\u2019optimisation de l\u2019existant.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"656\" height=\"584\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Comparaison-des-intensites-carbone-par-cargement.png?resize=656%2C584&#038;ssl=1\" alt=\"Comparaison des intensite\u0301s carbone par chargement\" class=\"wp-image-4460\" srcset=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Comparaison-des-intensites-carbone-par-cargement.png?w=656&amp;ssl=1 656w, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/normandiemaine.cerfrance.fr\/latelier\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/2\/2023\/10\/Comparaison-des-intensites-carbone-par-cargement.png?resize=300%2C267&amp;ssl=1 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 656px) 100vw, 656px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\"><em>Comparaison des intensite\u0301s carbone par chargement<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u00e9thode<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019analyse des performances carbone et \u00e9conomique porte sur 288 exploitations laiti\u00e8res du p\u00e9rim\u00e8tre de l\u2019Atelier des \u00e9tudes*.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Il s\u2019agit essentiellement d\u2019exploitations normandes (79 %).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les bilans carbone ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9tablis entre avril 2020 et juin 2023. Pour \u00eatre comparables, les donn\u00e9es carbone analys\u00e9es sont celles de la production laiti\u00e8re, rapport\u00e9es au litrage vendu par l\u2019exploitation.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Les donn\u00e9es \u00e9conomiques retenues sont celles de l\u2019exercice comptable qui pr\u00e9c\u00e8de la r\u00e9alisation du diagnostic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>L\u2019analyse des leviers pour diminuer l\u2019empreinte carbone des exploitations laiti\u00e8res est r\u00e9alis\u00e9e sur 196 exploitations engag\u00e9es sur un appel \u00e0 projets France Carbon Agri. Quant \u00e0 l\u2019analyse du potentiel de r\u00e9duction en fonction du syst\u00e8me d\u2019exploitation, elle concerne 167 exploitations. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Le syst\u00e8me d\u2019exploitation est alors qualifi\u00e9 en fonction du chargement, la m\u00e9diane se situant \u00e0 1,9 UGB\/ha SFP&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Extensifs (moins de 1,9&nbsp;UGB\/ha)&nbsp;: chargement m\u00e9dian de 1,55&nbsp;UGB\/ha de SFP, part m\u00e9diane d\u2019herbe dans la SFP&nbsp;: 63&nbsp;%<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Intensifs (plus de 1,9 UGB\/ha)&nbsp;: chargement m\u00e9dian de 2,31&nbsp;UGB\/ha de SFP, part m\u00e9diane d\u2019herbe dans la SFP&nbsp;: 54&nbsp;%.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><em>*Voici la liste des Cerfrance concern\u00e9s : <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><em>Normandie-Ouest, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Orne, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Seine-Normandie, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Mayenne-Sarthe, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Loire-Atlantique, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Vend\u00e9e, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Maine-et-Loire, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Champagne Nord Est Ile de France, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Picardie Nord de Seine, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>Nord-Pas-de-Calais, <\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><em>AVM Convergence<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sources de l&rsquo;\u00e9tude carbone 2023<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:20px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/fr\/policies\/climate-change\/paris-agreement\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.consilium.europa.eu\/fr\/policies\/climate-change\/paris-agreement\/<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.citepa.org\/fr\/secten\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.citepa.org\/fr\/secten\/<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/strategie-nationale-bas-carbone-snbc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/strategie-nationale-bas-carbone-snbc<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/19092_strategie-carbone-FR_oct-20.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/19092_strategie-carbone-FR_oct-20.pdf<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/decret-bilan-des-emissions-gaz-effet-serre-beges\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/decret-bilan-des-emissions-gaz-effet-serre-beges<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/20250_4pages-GIEC-2.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.ecologie.gouv.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/20250_4pages-GIEC-2.pdf<br><\/a><a href=\"https:\/\/presse.ademe.fr\/2022\/11\/barometre-les-representations-sociales-du-changement-climatique-2022-les-francais-de-plus-en-plus-pessimistes-quant-au-rechauffement-climatique-et-enclins-a-plus-de-sobriete-dans-leur-quotidien.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/presse.ademe.fr\/2022\/11\/barometre-les-representations-sociales-du-changement-climatique-2022-les-francais-de-plus-en-plus-pessimistes-quant-au-rechauffement-climatique-et-enclins-a-plus-de-sobriete-dans-leur-quotidien.html<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>L&rsquo;\u00e9tude Carbone 2023 &#8211; L&rsquo;observatoire climat &#8211; Performances carbone et e\u0301conomique d&rsquo;octobre 2023 est int\u00e9gralement t\u00e9l\u00e9chargeable ci dessous :<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"_3d-flip-book  fb3d-fullscreen-mode full-size\" data-id=\"4462\" data-mode=\"fullscreen\" data-title=\"false\" data-template=\"short-white-book-view\" data-lightbox=\"dark-shadow\" data-urlparam=\"fb3d-page\" data-page-n=\"0\" 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?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4466,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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